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          Kurt Schwitters

          Mountain Graveyard

          Explore Kurt Schwitters' (1887-1948) innovative art: Dada, Merz collage & installations. Discover his use of found objects & impact on modern art.
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          Giclée / Art Print

          Museum-quality giclée or canvas print with fast production and flexible finish options. ( Buy Hand Made Painting Switch to Digital Image)

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          Total Price

          $ 69

          Mountain Graveyard

          Giclée / Art Print

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          Total Price

          $ 69

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          Artist Biography

          Kurt Schwitters: A Life in Merz

          Early Life and Education

          • Born: June 20, 1887, in Hanover, Germany.
          • Schwitters was the only child of Eduard and Henriette Schwitters. His father co-owned a ladies' clothing shop.
          • The family’s financial situation improved after selling the business in 1898, allowing them to live off rental income from properties they acquired.
          • He studied art at the Dresden Academy from 1909-1915 alongside artists like Otto Dix and George Grosz, though he seemingly remained unaware of their work at the time.
          • Schwitters suffered his first epileptic seizure in 1901, which later exempted him from military service for a period during World War I.

          Artistic Development and the Birth of Merz

          • Initially, Schwitters worked in a post-impressionist style. His early work reflected this influence.
          • The devastation of World War I profoundly impacted his artistic direction. He felt traditional academic training was irrelevant in the face of societal collapse.
          • “In the war, things were in terrible turmoil…everything had broken down and new things had to be made out of the fragments; and this is Merz.”
          • Around 1918, he began creating abstract collages using found objects – scraps of paper, tickets, and other discarded materials.
          • The term “Merz” itself came from a fragment of text (“Commerz und Privatbank”) cut from an advertisement and incorporated into one of his early works, *Das Merzbild* (1918-19).

          Key Works and Artistic Styles

          • Merz Pictures: These collages are arguably Schwitters’ most famous contribution. They represent a radical departure from traditional art, embracing chance and the aesthetics of everyday life.
          • Merzbau: A monumental architectural construction within his home in Hanover, continuously evolving over decades. It was a three-dimensional embodiment of Merz principles – a labyrinthine space filled with niches, grottoes, and found objects.
          • Assemblage & Installation Art: Schwitters pioneered these forms, blurring the boundaries between painting, sculpture, and architecture.
          • He also worked in poetry, sound, graphic design, and typography, exploring a wide range of artistic media.

          Influences and Connections

          • Early influences included post-impressionism, but he quickly moved beyond these conventions.
          • He came into contact with members of the Berlin avant-garde – Raoul Hausmann, Hannah Höch, and Hans Arp – through Herwarth Walden’s *Der Sturm* gallery.
          • While associated with Dadaism, Schwitters maintained a distinct artistic identity. He was initially rejected by some Dadaists for his ties to expressionism.

          Later Life and Legacy

          • Facing increasing persecution under the Nazi regime due to his “degenerate art,” Schwitters fled Germany in 1937.
          • He spent time in Norway and England, continuing to create Merz works despite challenging circumstances. He was briefly interned as an enemy alien during World War II.
          • Died: January 8, 1948, in Ambleside, England.
          • Kurt Schwitters’ work profoundly influenced subsequent generations of artists, particularly those involved in Pop Art, Minimalism, and Conceptual Art.
          • His innovative use of found objects and his exploration of the relationship between art and everyday life continue to resonate with contemporary audiences.

          Historical Significance

          • Schwitters’ Merz aesthetic challenged traditional notions of artistic beauty and authorship.
          • He expanded the definition of art by incorporating non-art materials and blurring the lines between different disciplines.
          • His work remains a powerful testament to the creative potential of fragmentation, reconstruction, and the embrace of chance.
          Kurt Schwitters

          Kurt Schwitters

          1887 - 1948

          Quick Facts

          • Name: Kurt Schwitters
          • Movement:
            • Dadaism
            • Constructivism
            • Surrealism
            • Merz
          • Birth Date: June 20, 1887
          • Death Date: 1948
          • Birth Place: Hanover, Germany
          • Nationality: German
          • Date Of Birth: 1887
          • Date Of Death: 1948
          • Notable Works:
            • Merz pictures
            • Merzbau
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