Antonie Sminck Pitloo (1790 – 1837): A Pioneer of Pastoral Impressionism Antonie Sminck Pitloo (1790 – 1837) stands as a singular figure in Dutch art history, recognized not merely for his landscapes but for his profound influence on the nascent movement that would come to be known as Impressionism. Born in Arnhem, Netherlands, Pitloo’s artistic journey began with formative studies in Paris and Rome—locations brimming with an internat…