Early Life and Career Ali Quli Istajlu, a pivotal figure in Mughal painting, was born in Kandahar (Afghanistan) around 1551. His lineage traced back to the Ustajlu tribe, known for their artistic traditions within Persia. From a young age, he received an exceptional education under the tutelage of Shah Ismail II, the third Safavid ruler—a formative experience that instilled in him a deep appreciation for Persian art and culture. This…