Richard Mortensen: Pioneer of Concrete Art and Kandinsky’s Legacy
Richard Mortensen (October 23, 1910 – January 6, 1993) stands as a pivotal figure in Danish abstract art history. Born in Copenhagen, he embarked on an artistic journey marked by profound influences from Wassily Kandinsky and propelled him to become one of the founders of the ‘linien’ school—a movement dedicated to exploring pure abstraction. His distinctive style – characterized by expansive color surfaces devoid of representational imagery – cemented his place among the foremost artists shaping the aesthetic landscape of mid-century Europe.
- Early Life and Education: Mortensen pursued formal artistic training at the Royal Danish Academy of Art in Copenhagen between 1931 and 1932, absorbing foundational principles from Kandinsky’s groundbreaking explorations into color and form. This formative period instilled a lifelong commitment to distilling art down to its essential elements.
- The Linien School: Alongside Robert Jacobsen, Mortensen established the ‘linien’ school in Copenhagen—a collective dedicated to uncompromising abstraction. They sought to liberate painting from illusionistic conventions, prioritizing instead the direct expression of emotion and sensation through geometric shapes and bold chromatic harmonies.
- Parisian Influences & Surrealism: A pivotal trip to Paris in 1937 exposed Mortensen to the vibrant currents of surrealist thought, encountering luminaries like Salvador Dalí. This encounter broadened his artistic horizons and fueled experimentation with subconscious imagery and dreamlike compositions.
The War Years & Artistic Transformation
Mortensen’s oeuvre during World War II reflected the anxieties and upheavals of the era, grappling with themes of violence and displacement. However, this period also witnessed a significant stylistic evolution—a move towards monumental color surfaces that prioritized visual impact over narrative complexity. The influence of Kandinsky's exploration of spiritual resonance became increasingly apparent in his later works.
- Concrete Art & Galerie Denise René: Mortensen’s collaboration with galerie Denise René proved instrumental in establishing concrete art as a recognized artistic movement. This gallery championed minimalist aesthetics, advocating for the primacy of color and form—a stance that perfectly aligned with Mortensen's artistic vision.
- Later Works & Recognition: After returning to Denmark in 1964, Mortensen accepted a professorship at the Royal Danish Academy of Art, nurturing generations of aspiring artists. His unwavering dedication to abstraction garnered him prestigious awards—including the Edvard Munch Prize (1946), the Kandinsky Prize (1950), the Prince Eugen Medal (1967) and the Thorvaldsen Medal (1968)—solidifying his reputation as a visionary artist.
Family Life & Legacy
Mortensen married author and poet Sonja Hauberg in 1945, forging a deep artistic partnership that endured until her untimely death in 1947. They welcomed their son Finn Hauberg Mortensen (born 1946), who followed in his father’s footsteps as a literary researcher and professor. Richard Mortensen passed away peacefully in Ejby, Lejre municipality, leaving behind an enduring legacy of abstract art—a testament to the transformative power of artistic exploration and unwavering commitment to stylistic innovation.
Notable Achievements & Artistic Style
Mortensen’s distinctive style – characterized by large, luminous color surfaces—became synonymous with concrete art. He eschewed representational imagery altogether, prioritizing instead the emotive resonance of pure chromatic hues and geometric forms. His canvases embody a profound spiritual quest—a desire to transcend materiality and capture the essence of experience through visual abstraction. Works like “Un ronde d’un nuit d'été” exemplify his masterful manipulation of color and texture, demonstrating an unparalleled sensitivity to artistic expression.
References
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