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Catarina Gattai (Catai) (1745–85), Italian dancer, singer and actress, about whom there is only uncertain and fragmentary information until she came to Poland; she purportedly dancedat La Pergola in Florence, and theatres in Venice and Prague (1761), and probably also in Milan. In Warsaw she made only a fairly brief appearance; she did not distinguish herself in any way which would have merited at least a brief mention in Wojciech Bogusławski’s Dzieje Teatru Narodowego [History of the National Theatre] published in Warsaw in 1820.Gattai had been King Stanisław August Poniatowski’s long-time mistress since the beginning of his reign. Stanisław August appointed her husband, Carlo Thomatis (Tomatis), director of the first public theatre in Warsaw. The couple arrived in Warsaw in December 1764. In thefollowing year, the king gave them the title de Valery, and in 1778 they acquired the Królikarnia estate. The king’s relationship with Catarina lasted for more than ten years. The first of Bacciarelli’s two portraits of Catarina Thomatis in the Łazienki Palace, which Alina Chyczewska dated to 1780–85, was made before 1783 because it is recorded in the first catalogue of the gallerywhich bears that date. [See D. Juszczak, H. Małachowicz, The Stanisław August Collection of Paintings at the Royal Łazienki. Catalogue, Royal Łazienki Museum, Warsaw 2016, no. 8, p. 72.]

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Marcello Bacciarelli: A Life in Art

Born: Rome, Italy (February 16, 1731)
Died: 1818

Marcello Bacciarelli was a significant Italian-born painter who flourished during the late Baroque and Neoclassical periods. His career spanned across Italy, Poland, and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, leaving behind a legacy of portraits and decorative works that reflect his adaptability to changing artistic styles and royal patronage.

Early Life and Training

Bacciarelli began his artistic journey in Rome, studying under Marco Benefial, a prominent Italian painter known for his proto-Neoclassical style.
In 1750, he received a recommendation from architect Gaetano Chiaveri, leading to his recruitment to Dresden, Saxony, where he served Elected King Augustus III of Poland. This marked the beginning of his long association with Polish royalty.
During his early career, Bacciarelli was significantly influenced by Bernardo Bellotto, another Italian painter whose work shaped his artistic development.
A pivotal moment in his personal life occurred when he met and married Friederike Richter, a woman painter specializing in miniature portraits. Their collaborative relationship proved crucial to both their artistic growth.

Major Works and Commissions

Royal Castle in Warsaw: Bacciarelli’s most notable commissions were for King Stanisław II Augustus of Poland, primarily housed within the Royal Castle in Warsaw. These included:

Strength, Reason, Belief, and Justice
The Flourishing of the Arts, Sciences, Agriculture, and Trade (ceiling painting)
Rebecca and Eleazar
Esther and Ahasuerus

Other Commissions: Beyond the Royal Castle, Bacciarelli received commissions for portraits of imperial family members in Vienna, including depictions of Maria Teresa’s daughters.
Notable Paintings: His skill in engraving is showcased in works like "Design for a Vase by Polidoro da Caravaggio," while his watercolor expertise is evident in “Roma. 12 Cities by Tytus Brzozowski.”

Artistic Style and Influences

Neoclassicism: Bacciarelli’s style embraced classical elements, as demonstrated in his allegorical paintings like Strength, Reason, Belief, and Justice. The emphasis on clarity, order, and idealized forms aligns with Neoclassical principles.
Baroque Influence: His earlier works reveal influences from the Baroque style, characterized by dramatic lighting and intense colors, a testament to his training under Marco Benefial.
Royal Patronage’s Impact: The demands of royal patronage shaped Bacciarelli's career. He skillfully adapted his style to meet the expectations of his patrons while maintaining artistic integrity.

Legacy and Influence

Bacciarelli served as a mentor to several notable Polish artists, including Alexander Kucharsky and Kazimierz Wojniakowski, whose works reflect his influence.
His biography is documented on Wikipedia, providing further details about his life and career.
Cultural Heritage: Marcello Bacciarelli’s contributions remain an important part of Polish cultural heritage, celebrated for his portraits of royalty and decorative works that adorn historical landmarks.

Marcello Bacciarelli

1731 - 1818 , Italy

주요 정보

Artistic Movement Or Style:
- Late-Baroque
- Neoclassicism
Artists Or Movements Influenced By This Artist:
- Alexander Kucharsky
- Kazimierz Wojniakowski
Artists Who Influenced This Artist:
- Marco Benefial
- Bernardo Bellotto
- Pompeo Batoni
Date Of Birth: February 16, 1731
Date Of Death: January 5, 1818
Full Name: Marcello Bacciarelli
Nationality: Italian
Notable Artworks:
- Strength, Reason, Belief, Justice
- Flourishing of the arts, sciences...
- Rebecca and Eleazar
- Esther and Ahasuerus
- Design for a vase by Polidoro...
Place Of Birth: Rome, Italy

Catarina Gattai Thomatis

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