16 Balls, 16 Cubes in 8 Rows

Pol Bury: A Pioneer of Kinetic Sculpture

Pol Bury (1922-2005) stands as a singular figure in Belgian art history, recognized primarily for his groundbreaking contributions to kinetic sculpture and his exploration of abstract painting. Born in Haine-Saint-Pierre, Belgium, Bury’s artistic journey began with formative influences from Surrealist masters like René Magritte and Yves Tanguy—artists who championed dreamlike imagery and challenged conventional perceptions of reality. This early exposure instilled a fascination for experimentation and a desire to transcend representational art forms.

• Early Artistic Training: Bury pursued formal artistic education at the Académie des Beaux-Arts in Mons, Belgium, honing his skills in traditional painting techniques before embracing the radical innovations of the Cobra movement (CoBrA).
• The Cobra Group: Joining forces with fellow artists Karel Appel, Josef Albers and Corneille Dijkstra, Bury participated in CoBrA’s quest for a new visual language—one rooted in spontaneity and materiality. The group rejected academic conventions, favoring bold colors and gestural brushstrokes to convey emotion and explore subconscious impulses.
• Painting Period: Between 1949 and 1953, Bury produced a series of geometric abstract paintings characterized by precise lines and harmonious color palettes—a deliberate departure from Surrealist aesthetics. These works exemplify his commitment to rational composition alongside expressive visual elements.

The Birth of Kinetic Sculpture

A pivotal moment in Bury’s artistic evolution arrived in 1953 when he witnessed Alexander Calder's mobiles—suspended sculptures that moved rhythmically due to air currents—captivating audiences at MoMA. Inspired by Calder’s pioneering approach, Bury embarked on a transformative exploration of kinetic art, creating sculptural installations that incorporated motors and rotating elements. This marked a decisive shift from static painting toward dynamic movement and unpredictable behavior.

• Early Kinetic Works: Bury's initial kinetic sculptures—such as “16 Balls, 16 Cubes in 8 Rows”—were meticulously crafted to generate subtle oscillations, mirroring the natural rhythms of the cosmos.
• “LOctagon Fountain”: Perhaps his most iconic achievement is L’Octagon Fountain, commissioned for San Francisco’s Embarcadero Plaza. This monumental sculpture—composed of eight interlocking bronze cubes—employs a complex mechanical system to produce mesmerizing rotational movements, transforming it into an immersive sensory experience.
• Later Innovations: Bury continued to refine his kinetic techniques throughout his career, experimenting with diverse materials and incorporating photographic images and engravings into his sculptures.

Recognition and Legacy

Pol Bury’s artistic vision gained international acclaim during the 1960s and 70s, securing him a prominent place in the annals of modern sculpture. His work was showcased at prestigious exhibitions worldwide—including retrospectives at MoMA and Tate Gallery—solidifying his reputation as one of Belgium's foremost sculptors. Furthermore, Bury’s sculptures reside permanently within the Chelsea Art Museum’s collection, ensuring that his groundbreaking creations continue to inspire generations of artists and viewers alike. His enduring influence can be observed in contemporary kinetic art practices and a broader appreciation for the interplay between form and movement—a testament to his unwavering dedication to artistic innovation.

Notable Achievements

* Commissioned L’Octagon Fountain, San Francisco * Participated in Absolut-L.A. International Biennial Art Invitational (1999) * Featured in Christie's auction (2008), marking the first of its kind in kinetic sculpture. * Included in Chelsea Art Museum’s permanent collection.