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版权 此作品已进入公有领域。kanō eitoku 于 1590 年逝世；版权在艺术家去世后延续 70 年，因此已于 1660 年届满。
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Pines and falcons — kanō eitoku
原件尺寸为 160 × 358 厘米（高 × 宽），此处将其与一名平均身高的成年人并列展示。
阴影：kanō eitoku 的生卒年 (1543–1590) ▲ 此作，1600
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Pines and falcons — kanō eitoku
This painting has been attributed to Kano Eitoku, based on the appraisal inscribed by Kano Eino. Although today we have reservations about calling it an authentic work by Eitoku, it is nevertheless a fine example of the relaxed, unfettered style of Momoyama period painting. With rocky mountains in the background, two pine trees, one with a brown hawk and the other a white hawk perched on its branches, are arranged facing each other, as if to surround a waterscape between them. The gold leaf at times reaches around to the back of the objects as patches of land, while at other times it covers and hides them as golden clouds. The artist has clarified the relative depths of the “stage scenery” and at the same time has emphasized motifs by hiding unnecessary elements. The outer shapes of the gold clouds act in concert with the clumps of the pine leaves to give a rhythmical horizontal movement to the pair of six-fold screens. As a result, there is little sense of depth. The tree trunks that extend from the top to the bottom of the scene and spread their long, thick branches to the sides reminds us of Cypress tree (Tokyo National Museum), also attributed to Kano Eitoku. Compared to this screen, however, whose attribution has been called into question, the present work is even more stylized and refined. Inscriptions at the lower edges of both screens give the expert opinion of Kano Eino certifying this to be an authentic work by Kano Eitoku. We cannot see in this work Eitoku’s characteristic style, which Eino described in his text Honcho gashi (History of Japanese painting) as “rough and uninhibited,” but it is a fine work that conveys well the relaxed, unfettered feeling of Momoyama painting. (Writer : Reiichi Noguchi Source : Selected Masterpieces from The University Art Museum, Tokyo National University of Fine Arts and Music: Grand Opening Exhibition, The University Art Museum, Tokyo National University of Fine Arts and Music, 1999)
艺术家与博物馆
出生于 Kyoto, Japan
Kanō Eitoku, born in Kyoto in 1543 and passing away in 1590, stands as one of the most influential figures within the illustrious Kanō school of Japanese painting. His life coincided with the dramatic Azuchi-Momoyama period – an era defined by unification after a century of civil war, and a blossoming of artistic expression fueled by newfound stability and patronage. Eitoku didn’t simply inherit the Kanō style; he revolutionized it, injecting a powerful energy and scale that became synonymous with the grandeur of the age.
Eitoku was not born into obscurity. He was the son of Kanō Naganobu, a key figure in establishing the Kanō school’s dominance within Kyoto's artistic circles. Naganobu skillfully blended elements from various earlier schools – Muromachi period styles like Sesshū Tōyō and Shōhei – creating a foundation that Eitoku would later build upon with remarkable flair. His early training under his father instilled in him a deep understanding of traditional techniques, particularly the use of ink washes and subtle color palettes. However, where Naganobu favored restraint, Eitoku possessed an innate inclination towards boldness.
Eitoku’s mature style is instantly recognizable for its dynamic compositions, vibrant colors, and lavish use of gold leaf. He moved away from the more contemplative landscapes of his father, embracing scenes teeming with activity – hunting expeditions, processions, battles, and depictions of mythical creatures. His work often features monumental trees rendered with incredible detail, swirling clouds that convey a sense of movement, and figures imbued with a striking presence. The use of gold leaf wasn’t merely decorative; it served to emphasize the power and authority of his patrons. He skillfully adapted Chinese landscape painting conventions but infused them with uniquely Japanese sensibilities, creating a visual language that resonated deeply within the context of the evolving political climate. His paintings weren't simply representations of nature or historical events; they were statements of status, legitimacy, and cultural refinement.
Eitoku’s career flourished under the patronage of powerful warlords like Oda Nobunaga and Toyotomi Hideyoshi. He received commissions for large-scale folding screens (byōbu) and sliding door panels (fusuma) that adorned castles and residences, transforming these spaces into breathtaking displays of artistic prowess. Among his most celebrated works are the screens depicting scenes from the Siege of Fushimi Castle, a testament to Nobunaga’s military victories. These paintings weren't just historical records; they were carefully crafted narratives designed to reinforce the authority and prestige of the ruling elite. His work at Jurakudai Palace, Hideyoshi’s lavish Kyoto residence, further cemented his reputation as the premier painter of the era.
Siege of Fushimi Castle screens
Decorations for Jurakudai Palace
Numerous folding screen and wall paintings commissioned by Oda Nobunaga and Toyotomi Hideyoshi.
Kanō Eitoku’s impact on Japanese painting is undeniable. He not only perfected the Kanō style but also established a new standard for large-scale decorative painting. His bold aesthetic, characterized by dynamism, vibrant color, and lavish ornamentation, became synonymous with the Azuchi-Momoyama period's opulent taste. He effectively transformed the role of the painter from craftsman to court artist, responsible for visually embodying the power and legitimacy of his patrons. The Kanō school continued to thrive for centuries after his death, with subsequent generations building upon his innovations. Even today, Eitoku’s works are revered as masterpieces of Japanese art, offering a captivating glimpse into a turbulent yet remarkably creative period in history. His legacy continues to inspire artists and captivate audiences worldwide.
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Pines and falcons — kanō eitoku
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