Jacques Barthélemy (Adolphe Appian): A Visionary of Symbolist Landscape Jacques Barthélemy, known universally as Adolphe Appian, was born in Paris in 1818 into a family steeped in artistic tradition. His father, Jean Michel Grobon, was a sculptor and instilled in young Jacques a profound appreciation for form and materiality—a foundation that would profoundly shape his own artistic endeavors. Despite facing considerable hardship durin…