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Priročnik za študentska dela

Dew Breaker

Ime in priimek Razred Datum

ellen gallagher, Dew Breaker (2015), La Biennale di Venezia. Reproducirano v informativne namene; vse pravice so pridržane v rokah upravljavca pravic.

Podrobnosti

Umetnik
ellen gallagher wahooart.com/sl/artists/ellen-gallagher/
Datumi rojstva in smrti umetnika
1965 – ?
Naslikano
2015
Material
Acrylic On Canvas
Gibanje
Contemporary Abstract Expressionism
Na lokaciji
La Biennale di Venezia wahooart.com/sl/museums/la-biennale-di-venezia-benetke_sl/
Artistic Style
Figurative, Surreal
Influences
Glissant, Stinson
Notable Elements
Fish, Creole themes
Subject/Theme
Atlantic Ocean, Myth

V kontekstu

Dew Breaker — ellen gallagher

Kdaj je bilo to naslikano?

  1. 1960
  2. 1970
  3. 1980
  4. 1990
  5. 2000
  6. 2010

Osenčeno: življenjsko obdobje ellen gallagher (1965–?) ▲ to delo, 2015

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Barve

Izmerjeno na podlagi slike

    Glavna barva

    Putty #cfcfcd

    Shranjena paleta

    • #CFCFCD
    • #67706D
    • #A4A7A2
    • #79898A
    Paleta barv
    Neutrals Prevladujoča barvna družina na sliki.
    Naziv primarne barve
    Putty
    Intenzivnost
    Monochromatic Stopnja zasičenosti in raznolikost barv, od enotnega, zamegljenega odtisa do številnih živahnih barv.
    Kontrast
    Gentle V kolikšni meri se barve po svetlini in zasičenosti razlikujejo skozi celotno sliko.
    Harmonija
    Discordant Palette Stopnja harmonije barv, od kontrastnih do popolnoma ujednotenih.
    Zasvetlina
    Brilliant Razmera svetloosti in temnine slike v celoti, od globokih senc do svetlih visokih svetlob.
    Zasičenost
    Muted Kolikograščena in močna so barve, od skoraj sivih do popolnoma živahnih.

    O tem umetniškem delu

    Dew Breaker — ellen gallagher

    Ellen Gallagher’s “Dew Breaker”: A Submerged Myth of Regeneration

    Ellen Gallagher's "Dew Breaker," painted in 2015, isn’t merely a depiction of marine life; it’s an immersive exploration of memory, diaspora, and the enduring power of myth. This large-scale canvas, dominated by swirling blues and punctuated by a vibrant array of fish rendered with both meticulous detail and a palpable sense of movement, invites viewers into a world simultaneously familiar and profoundly strange. Gallagher, born in Providence, Rhode Island, to a Cape Verdean father and Irish Catholic mother, draws heavily on her own complex heritage and the rich cultural tapestry of the Caribbean—particularly the writings of Edouard Glissant and the poetic traditions of figures like Aime Cesaire—to construct this compelling visual narrative.

    The painting’s technique is a masterful blend of observation and invention. Gallagher's early experience studying migratory snail patterns, documented during her time aboard an oceanic research vessel, informs the precise rendering of each fish, capturing their individual forms with remarkable accuracy. However, these detailed studies are then layered with a looser, more expressive brushwork, creating a dynamic sense of depth and movement. The blues aren’t uniform; they shift and shimmer, suggesting both the vastness of the ocean and the murky depths where forgotten histories reside. The use of a white frame further isolates the artwork, emphasizing its contained world and drawing attention to the intricate details within.

    Echoes of Drexciya: Myth and Submerged Worlds

    Gallagher’s artistic vision is inextricably linked to the mythology of Drexciya, a fictional underwater city created by Detroit techno producer James Stinson and Gerald Donald. This submerged metropolis, conceived as a refuge for descendants of enslaved Africans who gave birth while being forcibly transported across the Atlantic, embodies themes of regeneration, resilience, and the possibility of creating new worlds from the remnants of the past. “Dew Breaker” functions as a visual manifestation of this myth—a dreamscape populated by creatures both familiar and fantastical, hinting at a hidden civilization thriving beneath the waves.

    The title itself, "Dew Breaker," suggests an act of breaking through, of revealing something previously obscured. It evokes images of sunlight piercing through the water’s surface, illuminating the mysteries below. The fish themselves can be interpreted as symbolic representations of these submerged communities—each individual a testament to the enduring spirit of those who were lost and forgotten.

    Symbolism and the Language of the Deep

    Beyond its mythological context, “Dew Breaker” is rich in symbolic imagery. The sheer number of fish suggests abundance, but also perhaps an overwhelming sense of history—a teeming population carrying the weight of generations past. The varying sizes and positions of the fish create a complex visual hierarchy, mirroring the intricate relationships within the Drexciya mythos. Furthermore, Gallagher’s frequent use of ruled penmanship paper as a background element subtly references the textual, grounding the fantastical imagery in a tangible, historical context.

    The painting's overall effect is one of melancholic beauty—a quiet meditation on loss, memory, and the enduring power of myth to shape our understanding of ourselves and our place in the world. It’s a work that rewards repeated viewing, revealing new layers of meaning with each encounter.

    A Legacy of Exploration

    Ellen Gallagher's body of work consistently challenges conventional notions of representation, blending personal history with broader social and political concerns. Her exploration of themes like race, identity, and the legacy of colonialism resonates deeply within contemporary art discourse. “Dew Breaker” stands as a powerful testament to her unique artistic vision—a captivating invitation to delve into the submerged worlds of myth and memory.

    Umetnik in muzej

    Umetnik

    ellen gallagher

    Rojen v Providence, United States of America

    The Layered Identities of Ellen Gallagher

    Born in Providence, Rhode Island, on December 16, 1965, Ellen Gallagher has emerged as a profound voice in contemporary American art, weaving together the complexities of race, identity, and social structure through a masterful command of multimedia. Her heritage, a rich tapestry of Cape Verdean and Caucasian Irish Catholic roots, serves as a foundational element in her exploration of the "ordering principles" that society imposes upon the individual. Gallagher’s journey into the heart of visual expression began not with paint, but with words; her early studies in writing at Oberlin College provided her with a linguistic framework that would later inform the repetitive, rhythmic, and almost poetic structures found in her visual compositions.

    The evolution of her practice is marked by a rigorous academic and experimental pursuit. After attending Studio 70 in Kentucky, she earned her degree in Fine Arts from the School of the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston in 1992, later refining her craft at the prestigious Skowhegan School of Painting and Sculpture in Maine. During her formative years in Boston, she became deeply embedded in the vibrant intellectual atmosphere of the Darkroom Collective, serving as their art coordinator. This period of intense creative exchange, surrounded by poets and thinkers, helped shape her ability to blend formalist aesthetics with deep, socio-political commentary.

    Technique and the Architecture of Memory

    Gallagher’s work is celebrated for its breathtaking technical complexity, often blurring the lines between painting, collage, and printmaking. She possesses a unique ability to manipulate media to challenge the viewer's perception of reality. Her most iconic contributions to the art world are her monumental, grid-like collages—works that function as both intricate mosaics and profound social critiques. In masterpieces such as Exelento (2004), Afrylic (2004), and Deluxe (2005), she meticulously deconstructs and reassembles fragments of media, often repurposing advertisements from African American-focused publications like Ebony, Sepia, and Our World.

    The physical construction of these pieces is an arduous labor of love, involving a sophisticated array of techniques:

    Photogravure and Silkscreen: Used to layer imagery with precision and depth.

    Spit-bite and Offset Lithography: Employed to create tonal variations and textures that mimic the grain of historical print media.

    Collage and Scratching: Physical interventions that disrupt the surface, symbolizing the fracturing of identity and the reclaiming of narrative.

    Hand-building: A tactile approach that gives each piece a sculptural, presence-filled quality.

    Each large-scale work can consist of more than sixty individual prints, meticulously arranged to create a larger, cohesive whole. This method allows her to address the repetitive nature of stereotypes while simultaneously creating a formalist beauty that draws the eye into a labyrinth of detail.

    Influences and Lasting Significance

    The aesthetic language of Ellen Gallagher is a dialogue between disparate influences. From the minimalist rigor of Agnes Martin, she draws a sense of discipline and structural repetition, while the stream-of-consciousness, repetitive writings of Gertrude Stein inform her approach to layering meaning and disrupting linear thought. Her work also reflects the impact of contemporary peers such as Kiki Smith, Ann Hamilton, and Laylah Ali, contributing to a broader movement that seeks to interrogate the gaze and the politics of representation.

    Ultimately, Gallagher’s significance lies in her ability to transform the ephemeral—the scraps of magazines, the fleeting advertisements, the discarded fragments of pop culture—into enduring monuments of historical reflection. By repurposing the very tools used to propagate racial stereotypes, she reclaims them, turning the "ordering principles" of society into a site of resistance and profound beauty. Her work remains a vital touchstone in contemporary art, challenging us to look closer at the layers that constitute our shared human experience.

    Muzej

    La Biennale di Venezia

    Na razstavi v Benetke, Italy

    La Biennale di Venezia: Med Preteklostjo in Vizijo Prihodnosti

    V labirintu beneških kanalov se skriva srce sodobne ustvarjalnosti – La Biennale di Venezia. To ni le umetniška razstava, temveč potovanje skozi različne discipline, od nežnih potez čopiča do provokativnih performansov, arhitekture in digitalnega sveta. Ustanovljena leta 1895 kot praznik beneške mojstrnosti – sijajnega steklarstva, izjemne blondke in spretne gradnje ladij – se je Biennale hitro razvila v platformo za umetniško inovacijo, ki sprejema modernizem in postane ključen katalizator sprememb. Danes La Biennale stoji kot priča tej evoluciji, nenehno uravnotežena med starodavno veličino beneških korenin in drznimi eksperimenti avangarde, kar obiskovalce vabi k poglobljenemu raziskovanju človeškega izražanja in kulturne izmenjave.

    Giardini Venezia: Mozaik Narodov

    Srce Bienala je Giardini Venezia, prostrana parka preoblikovana v muzej na prostem in močan simbol mednarodnega sodelovanja. Trideset ikoničnih nacionalnih paviljonov, vsak natančno oblikovan po želji svoje države, krasijo to pokrajino kot dragulji na ogrlici. To niso le stavbe; so premišljena prostranstva – intimne umetniške delavnice, ki odzvenjujejo tiho kontemplacijo mojstra, veličastne dvorane, ki izžarevajo formalnost diplomatskih pogajanj ali izrazite arhitekturne izjave, ki drzne razglašujejo umetniško identiteto države. Sprehod skozi Giardini Venezia je vizualni dialog med kulturami in umetniškimi gibenji, priložnost za opazovanje odmevov stoletnih tradicij skupaj z živahnim izrazom sodobne estetike. Kontrast med italijanskimi baročnimi fasadami in Japonske moderne arhitekture ali solena veličina Španije v primerjavi z nemško predanostjo inovacijam ustvarja presenetljivo harmonično mozaiko. Ta namenitna mešanica vplivov govori o zavezanosti Bienala spodbujanju dialoga in praznovanju konvergence različnih umetniških tradicij. Palazzo Fortuny, skrit v tem razširjenem prostoru, je dih jemajoč dokaz beneške umetnosti; natančno obnovljene freske – previdno ohranjene skozi generacije – prikazujejo scene iz beneškega življenja z izjemno podrobnostjo in živahnostjo, medtem ko zapleteni geometrijski vzorci tal, ki odražajo japonske estetske načine, ustvarjajo nepričakovano harmonijo skupaj z mojstrskimi potezami Canaletta na prikazih mesta. Ta namenitna mešanica vplivov govori o zavezanosti Bienala spodbujanju dialoga in praznovanju konvergence različnih umetniških tradicij.

    Arsenale: Kraj, kjer se srečujejo Industrija in Domišljija

    Ko stopimo iz mirne lepote Giardini Venezia, naletimo na transformativno moč Arsenala Venezia – prostora, ki uteleša duh inovacije. Sprva je bil to razkriti pomorski brodolom - vitalna arterija beneške pomorske prevlade in temelj gospodarske blaginje - zdaj pa se je ponovno rodil kot dinamičen center, kjer so monumentalni arhitekturni ostanki v sozvočju s prelomnimi sodobnimi instalacijami. Obsežnost Arsenala omogoča resnično imerzivne izkušnje, ki vabijo obiskovalce, da se sprehodijo skozi prostrane dvorane, okrašene z kanali in raziskujejo prostore, preurejene v okolja za umetniške podvige velikega formata. Sale d'Armi (dvorana za orožje) in Corderie (delavnice za proizvodnjo vrvi), s svojimi visokimi stropovi in izpostavljenim opeko – ostanki pretekle dobe – služijo kot platna za ambiciozne projekte, ki raziskujejo odnos med zgodovino, industrijo in ustvarjalnostjo; umetniki uporabljajo te surove industrijske prostore, da izzovejo naše dojemanje in ustvarijo instalacije, ki so tako vizualno osupljive kot konceptualno globoke. Arsenale ni le prizorna površina; je močen opomnik na trajno beneško zapuščino kot inovatorja, mesta, ki je vedno sprejemalo potencial za transformacijo.

    Zapuščina Umetniškega Dialoga

    Vse skozi svojo slavnostno zgodovino je La Biennale dosledno služila kot ključna sila pri oblikovanju umetniških trendov. Letošnji sejem je zaznamoval prelomnico, ko je predstavil Pop Art mednarodni sceni in utrdil položaj Benetk kot bistvenega središča za avangardne gibenja. Pionirski sejem leta 1980, ki ga je organiziral Harald Szeemann, je slavil konceptualno umetnost in performativne predstave ter izzival konvencionalna razumevanja umetniškega izraza in potiskal meje tega, kar bi lahko veljalo za "umetnost". V zadnjih letih se Biennale osredotoča na krepitev marginaliziranih glasov in soočanje s pomembnimi globalnimi vprašanji – od podnebnih sprememb do pravic migrantov – kar kaže na zavezanost socialni odgovornosti na področju umetnosti. Razstave, kot je "Nyau Cinema" Samsona Kambalua, ki združuje film in fotografijo za raziskovanje afriške dediščine, ali filmska sodelovanja Antje Ehmann & Harun Farocki, ki preučujejo teme dela, politike in manipulacije z slikami, ponazarjajo to predanost umetniškemu dialogu in družbenemu odzvu. Te razstave niso le prikazi; so skrbno kurirane konverzacije, ki vabijo gledalce k angažiranju s kompleksnimi idejami in perspektivami ter spodbujajo kritično preučevanje in poglobljeno razumevanje sveta okoli nas.

    Od Canaletta do Sodobnih Vizionarjev: Odmevi Čez Čas

    Raziskovanje zapuščine Bienala razkriva fascinantno evolucijo, ki odraža širše premike v umetniški praksi in kulturni zavesti. Od zgodnjega sprejemanja beneške mojstrnosti do drzne eksperimentacije Pop Art in konceptualizma je Biennale dosledno podpirala inovacije in izzivala uveljavljena pravila. "Nočna zabava zunaj cerkve San Pietro di Castello" Giovanni Antonia Canaletta, ki zajame živahno beneško nočno življenje s presenetljivo natančnostjo – priča Canalettovemu mojstrstvu vedute - ponuja vpogled v bogato umetniško dediščino Benetk. Podobno "La Casa di Mario" Hermana Armour Websterja, ki raziskuje teme spomina in identitete v kontekstu beneške arhitekture, dokazuje trajno zavezanost Bienala preučevanju človeške izkušnje skozi umetnost. Nenehno prizadevanje Bienale za prikazovanje uveljavljenih mojstrov in nastajajočih glasov zagotavlja, da ostaja vitalna platforma za umetniško odkritje in kritično angažiranost ter nadaljuje svojo vlogo svetilnika ustvarjalnosti in kulturne izmenjave za prihodnje generacije.

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    Navodila za citiranje umetniškega dela

    MLA
    gallagher, ellen. Dew Breaker. 2015, La Biennale di Venezia. https://wahooart.com/sl/art/ellen-gallagher-dew-breaker-D4MSTR-en/
    APA
    gallagher, ellen (2015). Dew Breaker [Painting]. La Biennale di Venezia. https://wahooart.com/sl/art/ellen-gallagher-dew-breaker-D4MSTR-en/
    Chicago
    ellen gallagher. Dew Breaker. 2015. La Biennale di Venezia. https://wahooart.com/sl/art/ellen-gallagher-dew-breaker-D4MSTR-en/
    Harvard
    gallagher, ellen (2015) Dew Breaker. La Biennale di Venezia. Available at: https://wahooart.com/sl/art/ellen-gallagher-dew-breaker-D4MSTR-en/

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    1. Kaj vas najprej pritegne in zakaj?
    2. Katere barve ali oblike ustvarjajo vzdušje — in kakšno je to vzdušje?
    3. Naš katalog to delo uvršča pod: caribbean, atlantis, migration. Se strinjate? Bi kaj dodali ali odvzeli?
    4. Oglejte si Dew Breaker (2015), ki ste ga že videli v prejšnjih delih tega priročnika. Navedite dve stvari, ki jih deli z tem delom, in eno, ki ga loči od njega.
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    Umetniški kviz

    Dew Breaker — ellen gallagher

    Kako dobro poznate to umetniško delo?

    Za vsako od spodnjih 5 vprašanj izberite en odgovor. Vsako vprašanje ima natanko en pravilni odgovor.

    1. 1. What is Ellen Gallagher primarily known for in her artistic practice?

      • A Landscapes of the American West
      • B Complex, layered paintings often referencing literary sources and Caribbean culture.
      • C Abstract sculptures exploring geometric forms.
    2. 2. The title 'Dew Breaker' alludes to which of the following concepts?

      • A A specific type of fish found in the Atlantic Ocean.
      • B A mythical underwater city inspired by African diaspora mythology and regeneration.
      • C A technique Gallagher uses for applying paint to her canvases.
    3. 3. Which literary influence is most prominently cited in Ellen Gallagher's work, as described in the text?

      • A William Faulkner
      • B Edouard Glissant and Caribbean poetry.
      • C James Joyce.
    4. 4. The painting 'Dew Breaker' features a predominantly blue color palette. What effect does this primarily create?

      • A A sense of warmth and vibrancy.
      • B An underwater, dreamlike atmosphere.
      • C Sharp contrast with the white frame.
    5. 5. Ellen Gallagher's background includes a mixed-race heritage. What is her father’s ethnic origin?

      • A Irish
      • B Cape Verdean
      • C German

    Moj rezultat: ____ od 5

    Ključ odgovorov za učitelje

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    1A · 2B · 3B · 4B · 5B