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著作権 この作品の著作権は現在も存続しています。Ilya Bolotowskyは1981に没年しました。著作権は没後70年間継続するため、2051まで有効です。本画像は教育目的の参照用として掲載しており、権利は権利者に帰属します。
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Large Blue Horizontal — Ilya Bolotowsky
原寸は 71 × 229 cm (高さ × 幅) で、ここでは平均的な身長の成人と比較して表示しています。
Shaded: Ilya Bolotowskyの生涯 (1907–1981) ▲ 本作品、1975
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Large Blue Horizontal — Ilya Bolotowsky
Bolotowsky was born in the Russian city of Saint Petersburg. After the Russian Revolution, his family moved to Istanbul in 1921, then to New York in 1923; Bolotowsky became an American citizen in 1929. In New York, he studied at the National Academy of Design and developed an interest in the biomorphic forms of Surrealist art, as well as geometric abstraction. The Neoplastic style of abstraction defined by Piet Mondrian would prove to be the greatest influence on Bolotowsky"s work. Mondrian practiced a form of purely nonrepresentational art, in which compositions of right angles and primary colors held no associations with the natural world.Bolotowsky began producing his own strictly abstract art in the early 1930s, and his admiration for Mondrian"s approach is evident even in such late works as Large Blue Horizontal. The orderly, grid-based composition of this painting is marked by black and white lines of various widths and rectangular areas of unmodulated primary colors. Like Mondrian, Bolotowsky strove to establish a balance of horizontals and verticals that would be at once harmonious and dynamic.Bolotowsky was a constant advocate of abstract art, speaking to a wider audience through exhibitions, publications, and lectures. He was a founding member of American Abstract Artists, which eventually included American artists such as Burgoyne Diller and Willem de Kooning, and European artists living in the United States, among them Fernand Léger, Joseph Albers, Jean Hélion, and Mondrian himself. He was also a member of "The Ten", an artists" group that included Mark Rothko and Adolph Gottlieb, and during the Great Depression of the 1930s he worked for the Works Progress Administration / Fine Arts Project, painting a number of abstract murals for public buildings in New York. In 1946, Bolotowsky was appointed head of the art department at Black Mountain College, the first of many teaching positions he would hold throughout his career.
アーティストと美術館
生誕地 Saint Petersburg, Russia
Ilya Bolotowsky (1907-1981) stands as a pivotal figure in the history of 20th-century abstract art, particularly within the influential De Stijl movement. Born in Saint Petersburg, Russia, amidst the turbulent backdrop of World War I and the Russian Revolution, Bolotowsky’s early life instilled in him a profound appreciation for intellectual rigor and a yearning for visual harmony—qualities that would define his artistic trajectory.
Early Life & Education: Bolotowsky emigrated to Baku and Constantinople before relocating to New York City in 1923, where he pursued formal training at the National Academy of Design. This formative period exposed him to classical influences alongside burgeoning modernist ideas.
The De Stijl Influence: Bolotowsky’s artistic vision was irrevocably shaped by Piet Mondrian, whose uncompromising adherence to geometric abstraction and reductive palette—primarily horizontal and vertical lines in primary colors and neutrals—became the cornerstone of his aesthetic.
Bolotowsky’s commitment to fostering artistic dialogue extended beyond personal practice. Recognizing the challenges faced by abstract painters attempting to gain recognition from a predominantly figurative art world, he co-founded American Abstract Artists in 1936—a collective dedicated to championing the interests of its members and promoting understanding between abstractionists and the broader public. This endeavor exemplifies Bolotowsky’s belief that artistic progress thrives on shared exploration and mutual support.
The Ten Whitney Dissenters: Alongside Louis Schanker, Adolph Gottlieb, Mark Rothko, and Joseph Solman, Bolotowsky formed “the Ten,” a group of artists who challenged the conventions of the academy and asserted their independence through independent exhibitions.
Public Art Initiatives: Bolotowsky’s involvement in public art projects underscored his conviction that art could contribute to social betterment. Notably, he spearheaded the Williamsburg Housing Project mural—a landmark achievement demonstrating his ability to translate philosophical concepts into impactful visual narratives.
Despite Bolotowsky’s meticulous control over compositional elements, he insisted on prioritizing intuition alongside formal rules in determining the direction of his artworks. This approach reflects a broader humanist sensibility—a recognition that artistic creativity stems from both intellectual contemplation and spontaneous emotional response.
Three-Dimensional Forms: Bolotowsky’s experimentation with three-dimensional sculptures – predominantly vertical and straight-sided – represents a significant departure from his earlier paintings, signaling an ongoing engagement with new artistic mediums.
Recognition & Exhibitions: His work gained international acclaim through exhibitions at the University of New Mexico in 1970 and subsequent retrospectives at the Guggenheim Museum and the National Collection of Fine Arts, cementing his legacy as a prominent figure within the modernist canon.
Ilya Bolotowsky’s contribution to abstract art extends beyond individual masterpieces; he established American Abstract Artists and fostered a vibrant artistic community. His unwavering dedication to Mondrian's principles, combined with his humanist perspective on creativity, continues to inspire artists today. Bolotowsky’s enduring influence is palpable in the continuing exploration of geometric abstraction and its capacity to convey profound philosophical ideas.
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Large Blue Horizontal — Ilya Bolotowsky
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