Introduction to Alexander Milne Calder Alexander Milne Calder (August 23, 1846 – June 14, 1923) was a Scottish-American sculptor renowned for architectural masterpieces like Philadelphia City Hall. His legacy extends beyond his own work, as both his son and grandson became prominent sculptors in the 20th century. Calder’s artistic journey began in Aberdeen, Scotland, where he honed his craft under the tutelage of his father, a stonemason—a profession that instilled in him a lifelong appreciation for material and form. He pursued formal education at the Royal Academy in Edinburgh, immersing h…