Michelangelo Buonarroti - Oil The Creation of the Sun and Moon is a part of the Sistine Chapel ceiling fresco by the Italian master artist Michelangelo. God creates the Earth and, to the right, God creates the Sun to light the day and the Moon to light the night. The Sistine Chapel ceiling, painted by Michelangelo between 1508 and 1512, is one of the most renowned artworks of the High Renaissance.